Sed remove blank. sed '/^$/d' foo > foo.

Sed remove blank Commented Oct 13, 2017 at 13:10 | Show 6 more comments. grep . If you were already in vim and wanted to stay there, you could do this with the internal search and replace by issuing: :%s!\n\n\n\+!^M^M!g (The ^M is the visual representation of a newline, you can enter it by hitting Ctrl+vEnter), or save Using Raku (formerly known as Perl_6): If the file is read into Raku with lines, then clever use of the trim function can be used to clean-up blank lines (i. txt Delete second line # sed '2d' file. $ printf 'one\0two\0' | perl -np0 -e 's/^/prefix /; s/\0/\n/g' prefix one prefix two $ printf 'one\0two\0' | perl -np sed 's/ \{2,\}/ /' # or sed -E 's/ {2,}/ /' This command replaces the first occurence of two or more ( {2,} ) spaces with a single space, this matches the first big gap in your example. $ sed '/^[[:space:]]*$/d' sample-httpd. txt This works in the sense that it removes the first space character of each line but leaves the rest. seems to be the simplest solution. answered Jul 22, 2019 at 9:40. This is correct, obviously :) What OP likely meant is to replace multiple "blank" (note that this is not necessarily empty, since lines can have invisible white space) with one empty line (which unless it is at the beginning or end of the sequence) means two newline chars. In the second one, we replace at the beginning using the ^ In the third column (the "Z" column), I have cells that are missing (rows 3,6, and 9). If sed it not a requirement for some hidden In short, use any one of the following sed syntax to remove all empty lines from a text file under Linux, macOS, *BSD and Unix-like systems: Delete all lines which are empty or which contains just some blank spaces: $ sed '/^ *$/d' file Cygwin Unix Linux Solaris AIX '*' indicates 0 or more occurrences of the previous Using the sed command with the regex pattern /^$/d, we demonstrated how to delete empty lines in a file, performing in-place editing directly without the need for temporary files. sed '/^$/{ # if line is empty x # exchange pattern space w. To "delete all blank spaces" can mean one of different things: delete all occurrences of the space character, code 0x20. Is there a simple tool like trim I could pipe my output into?. Hi I would like to use awk or sed to remove blanks spaces before a comma in a CSV file. sed -i 's/[ \t]*$//' "$1" Be aware the expression will delete trailing t's on OSX (you can use gsed to avoid this problem). sed script to delete the nested JSON object corresponding to the L3 key: Some of the files had for example 4 or more trailing blank lines, but the above command only removed all but one of the trailing blank lines. txt note that, [ \t] could be written as \s sed -i '/^#/ d' If you want also delete comment lines that start with some whitespace use. how to replce empty lines with text using sed. Perl example. We expanded our knowledge by To delete all blank lines, use the sed command in this manner: sed '/^$/d' filename Keep in mind that if a line only contains single space, it won't be deleted with the above command. If the file is not sorted, then sed might not be able to identify duplicate lines. Follow edited Jul 22, 2019 at 9:54. I have some text-files I use to take notes in - just plain text, usually just using cat >> file. I found this question and answer on how to remove triple empty lines. The second command is: s/#. sed -i '/^$$/d' yourfile. Shift whitespace. Use the following command to delete empty lines (that contain no characters): sed -i '/^$/d' [file_path] The command uses a regular expression pattern ^$ to match empty lines. If you aren't firing vim or sed for some other use, cat actually has an easy builtin way to collapse multiple blank lines, just use cat -s. g. My end result would be: your sed command is ok, (the first missing a *), I guess you may want the change to be done in your file, so called "in-place" change. In this quick tip, I will explain how to remove all leading blank spaces using the sed command. Share. I found the following Command, that worked for myself that does the Job. also it should delete lines, that just contain only a hash but no text. Both Linux and UNIX systems come with file manipulation tools that can be used to remove all blank lines very quickly. I know a bit of sed, but the proposed command for removing triple blank lines is over my head: sed '1N;N;/^\n\n$/d;P;D' There are empty lines in it. Delete whitespace in each begin of line of file, using bash. Removing blank lines with white space is more complicated. . The substitution can therefore not replace newlines in the data (they tr -d '[:space:]' which will remove space characters, form feeds, new-lines, carriage returns, horizontal tabs, and vertical tabs. csv To remove lines consisting of a single $:. To remove all whitespace, not just blanks Delete all empty lines $ sed '/^$/d' file. Delete lines starting with "#" $ sed '/^#/d' file. It utilizes sed Here our requirement is to remove all the whitespace from the leading and ending space per line of a file. tmp mv foo. If you're trying to use Extended Regular Expressions – which support the + metacharacter – you need to explicitly enable them. At present I am using this command: sed 's/ //' test. Remove the beginning of a line in a file. I hope you find this quick tip helpful in removing lines from text file in Handy one-liners for SED HANDY ONE-LINERS FOR SED (Unix stream editor) Mar. For example, to delete lines containing word DVD, enter the following sed command: It is possible to use the grep To remove empty lines from a file, follow the script below: echo "Removing empty lines" echo "Empty lines removed. The substitute with "nothing" will take care of it. 1. 9 2. *// . Commented Dec 16, 2015 at 21:51. Lines containing only whitespace are treated as blank. Is there a way to tell sed to repeat for a space characters on a line before moving on to the next or is it a case of scripting multiple run 10. Using awk or sed preferably, I would like to specifically target column 3, and if any of the cells are blank, I would like to remove the entire line. Here our requirement is to remove all the whitespace from the leading and ending space per line of a file. I have the following in a file: sc_signal< bool> inTicks_vl; sc_signal< bool> inTicks_vr; sc_signal< bool > inTicks_hl; sc_signal< bool > inTicks_hr; There I have normal spaces and tabs between the characters. If you want to match one of the characters in the POSIX character class [:blank:], use [[:blank:]]. To do this, strip trailing whitepace first, and pipe though cat -s. sed 's/ //g' tr -d ' ' Example: $ echo " 3918912k " You can also use echo to remove blank spaces, either at the beginning or at the end of the string, but also repeating spaces inside the string. e. It uses a temporary delimiter of ^^^ at the start of a line so if this clashes with your content choose something else. data sed 's/\n\n\n*/\n/g' cou. xml Both of these depends on your document being well-formed. put;' start_end. But it splits each and every character like below. Delete Empty Lines Using Sed Command. Fantastic. pattern_number. put it all together: sed -i '/^$/d' foo This tells sed to delete every line matching the regex ^$ i. This is what I'm doing (to no avail): sed -i -E 's/\n{3,}/\n/g' file. You can either use multiple -e arguments or separate commands with a How can I match whitespace in sed? In my data I want to match all of 3+ subsequent whitespace characters blank:]] which does match horizontal tabs and spaces only (but no newlines, vertical tabs etc. Example file: test space at back test space at front TAB at end TAB at front sequence of some space in the middle some empty lines with differing TABS and spaces: test space at both ends You can use sed to read up to the first blank line, and then use cat to read the rest which would be the most efficient for big files: { sed -n '/. For BSD sed you do this with sed -E, and for GNU sed with sed -r. 8. The ^ represents the start of a line, and $ represents the end of a line. /,/^$/!d' # method 1, allows 0 blanks at top, 1 at EOF There are a few reasons why sed might not remove all the duplicate lines from a file. To delete only empty lines: sed '/^$/d' file – P. In my series of text files, commented lines begin with either the # symbol or the @ symbol (i. I did a search Delete empty lines using SED has given the perfect answer. There are several methods that you can use to remove blank lines from a file in Linux. 497 2 2 Remove a line surrounded by blank lines. whitespace) at the beginning and end of the file: $ raku -e 'lines. join("\n"). To remove all tab whitespace (This will not remove empty space) # sed 's /^[ ]* //g' /tmp/file This is line Delete empty lines using sed. Double space $ sed G. txt iiHi Hello Hi this is loga $ $ cat test. Ie. The file might contain blank lines. 1 1073456960 436765896 hdisk7 0. 148. 12. Remove Leading Whitespace from File. txt # Delete whitespace only lines sed ‘/^\s*$/d‘ file. How to remove trailing whitespaces with sed? 16. While sed Unfortunately, the result is incorrect. Use sed to delete all leading/following blank spaces in a text file. * /{s/ //;ba}' onetwothree four with a file: sed ':a;/ . However, this wont delete lines containing only some blank spaces. sed '/^$/d' input. tmp foo If you also want to remove lines consisting only of whitespace (not just empty lines) then use: Method 1: Run the sed Command to Remove Empty Lines in Bash. rev myfile | sed 's/ //2g' | rev Or you could remove one space until there is only one space left: $ echo 'one two three four' | sed ':a;/ . For example, here is how to replace all occurrences of a character in a file, Remove Blank Lines in File Using Grep. Sample outputs: =This is a test= Trim Whitespace from a bash variable using the tr command. Methods to Remove Blank Lines from a File. The question asks about using sed to replace a string, but the answer seems to presuppose knowledge of how to convert an arbitrary string into a regex. It may delete them on BSD too. 9 82. To remove all the leading blanks, use: sed 's/^ *//g' To remove all leading white space of any kind: sed 's/^[[:space:]]*//g' The ^ symbol matches only at the beginning of a line. To remove first character only if it is a specific character: $ sed 's/^F//' file Linux Solaris Ubuntu edora RedHat The following sed command will search and remove all the blank lines in the input stream and print them in the terminal. I'm trying to replace multiple spaces with a single space in the output of IOSTAT: # iostat System configuration: lcpu=4 drives=8 paths=2 vdisks=0 tty: tin tout avg-cpu: % user % sys % idle % iowait 0. Task: Remove blank lines using grep $ grep -v '^$' input. all double blank lines should be deleted completely, but single blank lines should be kept. Before that, I wrote two sed code myself: sed -r 's/\n\n+/\n/g' cou. – stefanct. txt is twofold: The [:blank:] is a bracketed expression matching one of the characters :, a, b, k, l, or n. Improve Presumably you want to remove not only empty lines, but also lines with only whitespace characters. Sample outputs: foo bar foobar. @dogbane has a nice simple answer for removing leading empty lines. Worse, the resultant text is not a valid JSON object because sed used the first closing brace it encountered, but that one belongs to the L4 JSON object. sed s/[[:space:]]*$// | cat -s And yet this will not remove a superflous leading or trailing blank line. Improve this answer. Grep and ignoring leading whitespace. Before I end this article, let me quickly share how you can remove all empty lines using sed: sed -i '/^$/d' filename. 2 1. Both grep and sed use special pattern ^$ that To remove blank lines with sed:. trim. 2 and got all blank lines deleted not only the empty line if it is the last line of the file. 9k 18 18 gold badges 148 148 silver badges 169 Add this filter to remove whitespace from the beginning of the line and remove blank lines, notice that it uses two sed commands, one to remove leading whitespace and another to delete lines with no content | sed -e 's/^\s*//' -e '/^$/d' There is an example in the Wikipedia article for sed which uses the d command to delete lines that are Example 13: Remove all empty lines. sed 's/^[[:blank:]]*$/>/' filename Share. The sed utility uses basic regular expressions, and the sed on AIX is not doing what I think it should. 21. 1 Latest version of The problem is the -Z flag of grep. How to remove/add spaces in all textfiles? 3. I would like to use sed to delete commented lines in a text file. The basic syntax for substitutions is: s/find/replace/flags. Example usage It's quite easy to use Perl to perform a regex. # delete all CONSECUTIVE blank lines from file except the first; also # deletes all blank lines from top and end of file (emulates "cat -s") sed '/. Removing newline at end of file using bash shell script. 7 4. No. A clever (albeit GNU-Sed-specific) solution, but few people will benefit from it, unless you add an explanation. 2. txt is a 2-column file containing the pattern to match in the 1st column, and in the 2nd the number of lines to skip. Here's a simple awk command which removes just the trailing lines. I tried it with sed (GNU sed) 4. Now pattern matches anything that regular expression don't fits in. $//' file inu olari bunt edor edHa Two commands can be given together with a semi-colon separated in between. The syntax is: perl -lape 's/\s+//sg' input > output. Output: Name,Order Trim,working cat,cat1 More general might be the following, it will remove possibly multiple spaces and/or tabs after the ,: sed 's/,[ \t]\?/,/g' input. It causes grep to terminate matched lines with a null character instead of a newline. grep -v outputs any line which does not match the expression. Check out all the stuff you can do with it. Type the following command: $ sed '/^$/d' input. The typical user wants to "remove only duplicated blank lines". Task: Remove blank lines using sed. txt lineX line1 line2 line1 line2 line1 line2 line1 line2 ~$ Delete Empty Line. The stream editor sed can If something has double linespaced your text then this command will remove the double spacing and merge pre-existing repeating blank lines into a single blank line. data And I tried awk gsub, not successful either. Here, we use slightly different logic: we remove blanks for all lines from 2 to 5 except line 3. How can I replace the empty cells with NA and remove extra spaces? Thank you very much! I did this followed by replace empty space with NA and it worked: sed 's/ *,/,/g' file1 | sed 's/,,/,NA,/g' > file2 – Elham. sed '/^$/d' foo > foo. txt file, use the following command: 4. Raman Shah Raman Shah. Bonus Tip: Remove all empty lines. The + is an extended regular expression modifier. Remove all leading whitespace. It has empty cells and some spaces between cells. answered May 5, 2015 at 16:12. Or use I would like to remove all leading and trailing spaces and tabs from each line in an output. 2 31. csv Most versions of sed support the -i switch; if yours does not you will need e. //;s/. This is handy for cleaning up text files and removing unwanted extra newlines. In English that is, substitute a hash mark followed by as many things as you can find (till the end of the line, that is) with nothing (nothing is the empty space between the final two // ). 11. BASH - Delete lines and replace them by blank lines. ID,DESC,PRIORITY, 1178896,SKIP BI UPDATE, Low 1178900,SKIP BI UPDATE, High 1178901,SKIP I tried to replace multiple spaces in a file to single space using sed. for your command, try: sed -i 's/^[ \t]*//' list6. Learn how to use sed efficiently to manipulate text with examples. Follow edited Jul 22, 2019 at 9:50. , they are files originally intended for plotting in xmgrace). The reason sed 's/[[:space:]]//g' leaves a newline in the output is because the data is presented to sed a line at a time. kenorb kenorb. However, I need the same only for double empty lines. sed to remove all whitespace from a line. If you want to use zero bytes as record separators, use Perl's -0 option. edu> version 5. txt”. This works as follows: the expression 3n tells sed that, when it comes to line 3, print it and skip to the next line. Use this with @dogbane's sed command to remove both leading and trailing blanks. Delete all blank lines in the file $ sed '/^$/d' file Cygwin Unix Linux Solaris AIX '^$' indicates lines containing nothing and hence the empty lines get deleted. Here I have combined both the How can I delete all leading and/or trailing blank spaces, tab from each line using sed command? You can use sed command to delete all white (blank) spaces in a text file. 2 54. Remove a line surrounded by blank lines. There are no spaces or tabs in those empty lines. The \+ alone does with GNU sed I would use sed: sed 's/, /,/' input. Awk and friends. The first sed command transforms the file into a sed script that performs the corresponding matching and skipping; With sed: Delete empty lines using sed; With awk: Remove blank lines using awk; Share. This won't work well with sed, because sed processes input line by line, and it expects each line to be terminated by a newline. every empty line. Remove all whitespaces in a file- Linux. P. 0. / { printf "%s", LINES; LINES=""; }' This is pretty simple in operation. Give this a try: sed '/^$/N;/^\n$/D' inputfile Explanation: /^$/N - match an empty line and append it to pattern space. In the first expression, we replace all spaces with nothing. Delete all ServiceArea nodes that are "text nodes": xmlstarlet ed -d '//ServiceArea[text()]' file. The d action in the command tells it to delete any Using sed "s/[[:blank:]]*/ /g" a>b doesn't seem to work. To NOT match it, sed allows the usage of ! operator (invert match). txt #File spacing. Here's another way with sed that replaces only the first empty line without using \n in the RHS or the gnu sed 0 address extension:. Hi all, I'm having a problem trying to erase blank space between characters. conf Output I'm trying to compress a text document by deleting of duplicated empty lines, with sed. 23, 2001 compiled by Eric Pement <pemente@northpark. it looks like: sed -i 'code' file check man page for detail. 1 1. It matches the empty lines and the d command deletes them. Commented Mar 12, 2017 at 20:24. 5. Your example document isn't since it contains more than one root node. you need the -i option for that (gnu sed). 2. how to delete spaces before string begin and after string ended. The file might not be sorted. Remove lines containing space in unix. The tr command is used to translate characters. 32. txt > modified. Otherwise, the command `2,5 s/ //g tells sed to remove blanks from all lines from 2 to 5. 1 You can use this sed command to remove leading whitespace (spaces or tabs) sed 's/^[ \t]*//' file Use sed -i to modify the file in-place. txt): # Comment 1 # Another comment # Yet another comment @ More comments @ The tools sed or tr will do this for you by swapping the whitespace for nothing. Delete all blank lines and double space $ sed '/^$/d;G' Triple space a file $ sed 'G;G' Undo double sed -i 's/ //g' your_file will do it, modifying the file inplace. txt. You If you're worried about starting two sed processes in a pipeline for performance reasons, you probably shouldn't be, it's still very efficient. '/^$/d' is the regex pattern we discussed earlier, enclosed in single quotes. txt This will remove on leading space after the , . I want to remove all empty lines in the data. txt I understand that it's not correct, according to this manual, but I can't figure out how to do it correctly. txt Delete lines 3 to 5 # sed '3,5d' file. Sed will remove blank lines by default. Because of this, the above will leave alone any whitespace not at the beginning of the line. To remove the 1st and last character of every line in the same command: $ sed 's/. Our sample file /tmp/file This is line one This is line two This is line three This is line four. 5 Disks: % tm_act Kbps tps Kb_read Kb_wrtn hdisk9 0. You can use the in place option -i of sed for Linux and Unix:. Suppose I have the following sample file (called sample. grep should remove blank lines, and also lines where there is a hash symbol before text (implying that these are comments). Occasionally I use a blank line or two (just return - the new-line character) to specify a new I intentionally did not want to include that in the sed one-liner since I thought that removing trailing blank lines is quite a reusable piece of code that may be interesting for other people; but removing the last non-blank line is really specific to your use case, and trivial anyway once you removed the trailing blank lines. txt \s+ matches one or more whitespace characters // replaces with nothing, deleting them You can use sed command to delete all white (blank) spaces in a text file. /^\n$/D - if the pattern space contains only a newline in addition to the one at the end of the sed '/[^ ]/!s/ //g' file-name. These showcase just a few of the many ways sed‘s deletion commands can be combined and nested for fine-grained line removal. ; - command delimiter, allows multiple commands on one line, can be used instead of separating commands into multiple -e clauses for versions of sed that support it. To delete only the whitespaces at the beginning of one single line, use sed -i 's/^ *//' your_file. Delete empty lines using sed. If you don't have gsed, here is the correct (but hard-to-read) sed syntax on OSX: The issue with your command, sed 's/[:blank:]+/,/g' orig. Many programming language libraries have a function to perform such a transformation, e. If you do the same with sed: echo -n "hey thiss " | sed 's/ *$//' | hexdump you will see 0073, no newline. txt Delete lines containing “error” # With sed: Delete empty lines using sed; With awk: Remove blank lines using awk; Share. But with BSD sed, which for example comes with OS X, it won't. bash sed to remove all whitespace and blank lines from end of file. Removing all spaces from the beginning of lines. As you can see, all the blank lines that spaced the content of this text file are gone. csv > newfile. sed ‘s/\s+//g‘ myfile. sed -i '/^\s*#/ d' Usually, you want to keep the first line of your script, if it is a sha-bang, so sed should not delete lines starting with #!. Please let me know what the problem is $ cat test. Just replace sed with perl -np -e: $ printf 'one\0two\0' | perl -np -e 's/\0/\n/g' one two With the -n option, regexes are run line by line, just like sed. sed -i '/^$/d' yourfile. how to remove only the first two leading spaces in all lines of a files. Python. For that, use: sed '/^\s*$/d' # or respectively grep -v '^\s*$' The sed expression deletes every line with any number (*) of whitespace characters (\s) in it. If you want to replace every occurence of two or more spaces, add a g to the end of the command: With the sed command, you can edit text in files and streams on Linux. Works with BSD sed and GNU sed I want to use sed to remove all space characters from a text file. The patterns ^$ and ^\s*$ match empty and whitespace-only lines respectively. The command you're using should work as-is with GNU sed. find – A regex pattern to search for; replace – New text to replace matches ; flags – Modifiers like "global" to replace all instances ; For example, to globally remove all whitespace characters:. Thanks. Example input file would be: "abcd" ,"test 123" Output file: "abcd","test 123" Only remove white space before a comma but not in between words. Related. Method 1: Using sed Command Try ${/^$/d;} this will only match an empty line if it is the last line of the file. To delete empty lines from the input. xml Delete all ServiceArea nodes that have zero child-nodes: xmlstarlet ed -d '//ServiceArea[count(*)=0]' file. To delete empty lines using sed, we use the following syntax: sed -i '/^$/d' <filename> Here, -i is the option used to perform in-place editing of the file. 3. Delete the last line if it‘s blank: sed ‘${ /^$/d }‘ file. * /{s/ //;ba}' myfile Or, if you're in the mood, you can split the line, play with it, and assemble it back (GNU sed assumed): Remove trailing blank lines only — delete lines only after the last non-blank line in the file In this tutorial, we’ll attempt to address these with grep , sed , awk , and tac commands. How do I solve this problem using awk under Linux or Unix like operating systems? Use the following syntax to to read each field and display it on the screen: awk -F'Field-Separator-Here' '/Field-Name-Here/{ print $2}' /path/to/input/file This is easy with sed: # Delete empty lines sed ‘/^$/d‘ file. Delete all lines which are empty or which contains just some blank spaces: Finally, removing blank lines can be important when dealing with scripts or programs that expect specific input formats. In our first solution, we will use the sed command to remove the empty lines in Bash from the file. The only problem with xargs is that it will introduce a newline, if you want to keep the newline off I would recommend sed 's/ *$//' as an alternative. looking for trim function in I need to find out value for each field and remove any blank spaces / white spaces from the field. This removes all empty lines (lines with no content) from a file. In this section, we will discuss some of most common methods. Sed only removes duplicate lines that are adjacent to each other. Literally interpreted the OP wants "all blank lines removed from a file if there are any repeated blank lines". Comparing Sed to Other Tools. You can also use other text processing utilities such as: Perl. hold space //{ # if pattern space is empty (means the hold buffer was empty) s//%/ # replace it with a % character h # overwrite hold space (so now hold space looks like this: ^%$) Use sed to delete all leading/following blank spaces in a text file. Updated file contents:" This script removes empty lines from a file named “input. ). txt Which substitues away tabs from lines that only have tabs. 7,075 2 2 gold badges 47 47 silver badges 58 58 bronze badges. How could I remove this last trailing blank line? As mentioned: should there be any blank lines further up in the file then these should be removed also. txt > output. The -i flag edits the file in-place, if your sed doesn't support that you can write the output to a temporary file and replace the original:. Remove everything before a blank line using sed. The inverted class matches lines that contain anything bug a tab - the following '!' causes it to not match those lines - meaning only lines that have only tabs. 8 9. sed '/^$$/d' yourfile. Omit the last line with sed. Curiously enough, the accepted answer does not actually answer the question directly. txt It will also work with more than two columns because of the global modifier /g In English, that means if the line matches a hash at its beginning (preceded by any number of leading blanks), delete that line (it will not be printed). 6. It looks for lines that start ^ and immediately end $ with no characters in between. 9. awk '{ LINES=LINES $0 "\n"; } /. txt > test2. /!q;p'; cat; } < the-file It only works with regular files though (not with pipes because sed reads data by blocks and can't seek back to the line after the one where q was called if the input is not seekable). But based on your comment that you want to do in-place editing, you can still do that with distinct commands (sed commands rather than invocations of sed itself). In your example grep doesn't emit any newline characters, so as far as sed is concerned, it receives a block of text without a In the table shown below, I want to delete the white spaces before the ID #, ideally using sed. The sed command is used to do simple text changes. You can see the xargs newline like this: echo -n "hey thiss " | xargs | hexdump you will notice 0a73 the a is the newline. I am a sed novice. txt | tr [A-Z] [a-z]|sed -e "s/ */ /g" i i h i h e l l o h i t h i s i s l o g a 10 Basic examples of SED to perform per line action (print/delete) sed: remove all leading and ending blank whitespace from a file sed :Replace whole line SED - how to remove blank spaces. Remove blank lines # sed '/^$/d' file. Follow answered Mar 8, 2014 at 1:17. In the command /^$/ is a regular expression pattern that matches empty lines. GNU sed cheat sheet covering everything from basic syntax to advanced addressing techniques. csv. Moving on, let’s write the delete_nested_codeblock. # sed 's/^ [t ]*//g;s/[t ]*$//g' /tmp/file. iji hxcafzy wmn fkyie taic xvvdl gmbtx qjcgq slzky twxmm wykeq gzuup htevozd nxtl jnr